+ The FemtoStar Project is a global community developing a satellite + constellation for secure, open, and private communications - anywhere on + planet Earth. +
++ The FemtoStar Project is a global community developing a satellite + constellation for secure, open, and private communications - anywhere on + planet Earth. +
+{error.message}
+ +{#if dev && error.stack} +{error.stack}
+{/if}
diff --git a/src/routes/+layout.svelte b/src/routes/+layout.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7751315
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/routes/+layout.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+
+
++ Our satellites are open infrastructure - that means anyone can use them + without needing to go through an official gateway. This makes FemtoStar + a flexible, open, and inherently net-neutral network, able not just to + connect users to the services we provide, but to serve as a platform for + what others build on top of it. +
++ Learn more → +
++ Many products only promise privacy. FemtoStar is different. Privacy and + security are verifiably baked into every part of the system, all the way + down to the lowest level details. We couldn't violate your privacy even + if we wanted to. +
++ Learn more → +
++ FemtoStar is free and open-source technology. This goes for software and + hardware alike, and, yes, even for the satellites themselves. You have + access to the source files, and if you want to make sure the software on + your terminal lives up to its privacy and security claims, the source is + freely available to use, read, or modify. +
++ Learn more → +
++ The FemtoStar Project is a global community of developers working + towards one common goal - better, more open, and more private + communications, anywhere on earth. At the core of the FemtoStar Project + is FemtoStar Inc., a Canadian corporation wholly owned by FemtoStar + Project members and tasked with ownership and operation of the FemtoStar + satellite constellation. However, development of the hardware and + software that make FemtoStar possible is undertaken by a global + community of volunteer developers with experience ranging from embedded + hardware, to secure telecommunications, to software development, to + aerospace. +
++ The FemtoStar Project is a global endeavour. All of our members joined + the project online, many after coming across the project on their own + and contacting us. If you've found us, and you want to help, don't + hesitate to contact us. +
++ Questions? Comments? Want to chat about satellites? Visit us on Matrix + at #femtostar:matrix.org. Alternatively, email us at + This address has been hidden to prevent spam being received. If you are reading this website as plain text or through a screen reader, the correct address is the word hello, then the symbol spelled with the letter before B and then the letter after S, then the name of this + website or of our satellite, then dot com. h + eLoremlipsumldolorosit аamett + fconsectetureadipiscingmelittSedodolorssemtlaciniaaacr + deuismodоvitaet chendreritositm (if you have Tutanota, you can send end-to-end encrypted mail here too). +
++ Development of what is now FemtoStar began with a project named Private + Mobile Data Protocol (PMDP). While PMDP was intended to be a terrestrial + network, many of the design elements now used in the FemtoStar Protocol + were initially designed for this project. A series of tests in + real-world urban and suburban environments throughout 2019 led to the + conclusion that, without a dense network and an impractically large + number of towers, reasonable coverage, even only at low speeds and only + within city centers, was impractical with a license-free terrestrial + network. +
+ ++ In early 2020, the decision was made to research the implementation of a + PMDP-like network in a Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) system. While + Mobile Satellite Service hardware (such as satellite phones, portable + satellite internet terminals, and machine-to-machine/IoT satellite data + terminals) is likely less familiar to the typical consumer than hardware + for terrestrial mobile networks, the possibility of a satellite-based + network offered an opportunity both to solve the coverage problem, and + to improve the geolocation-resistance of the system (due to the + inherently large footprint of communications satellites). +
+ ++ Within a month, a basic plan had been developed, and many of the + remaining problems of the PMDP protocol (such as its lack of any + mechanism for payment for service) had been solved. The core of the + proposed network was a constellation of very small communications + satellites - a design we named FemtoStar. +
+ ++ As the FemtoStar Project grew, development continued throughout 2020. In + 2021, FemtoStar Inc. was incorporated in Canada as an entity to own and + operate the FemtoStar satellite constellation on behalf of the FemtoStar + Project. +
++ The FemtoStar Project is a community of volunteers funded by a grant from our partner NLnet, + out-of-pocket by some of our members, and from donations by our community. Nobody is required + to donate, and we currently don't have much in terms of perks for donors, but if you'd like to see + this project succeed and are able to, consider throwing a few dollars our way or setting up + a recurring donation through Liberapay. +
++ Donations go directly into buying hardware for the project. All of our members are volunteers, and our + operating costs apart from hardware are low enough to cover out of pocket. Everything donated here will + be spent on hardware to make this project possible. +
++ Via PayPal, we accept both one-time donations directly via PayPal, and recurring donations via Liberapay + (processed using PayPal). +
++ PayPal (one-time donation): Click Here +
++ Liberapay (recurring donation): Click Here +
++ If you would like to make a donation in cryptocurrency, please send any amount of Bitcoin or Monero to + one of the following addresses. +
++ Bitcoin: bc1qnytm8arpuz247622yef070nvxx56qp6dqwl80s +
++ Monero: 83YcY9dsxARYkS4AaKVNkEJTLMQnuvuzSSij9vC7SqU7eriCpHHBsrs2ijKE6MQjobUShY4D2kjQTZ3XXp7WMtR7PdjKrx9 +
++ If you would like to donate via a method not listed above (such as via + a different payment processor or in a different cryptocurrency), please + contact us and we'd be glad to help set something up. +
++ All FemtoStar services are delivered on a best-effort basis, at the + highest speed technically feasible with the user's hardware and with + network traffic at that time. We do not impose artificial restrictions + on bandwidth. The flipside of this is that, while we do not limit you + to a maximum speed, we cannot guarantee you will always get one + particular speed either - getting the maximum possible at all times + means that, unlike a service where you are constantly limited to a + certain bandwidth even when more is possible, FemtoStar performance + will vary. Performance at some times being lower than at some others + should be expected. +
+ ++ FemtoStar service is paid for in terms of the amount of beam time a + session consumes - that is, how long the satellite needs to spend + using one of its beams to transmit data for that session. This is not + the same as the amount of time a user stays connected to the network - + because the beam must also serve other users and any particular user's + terminal is unlikely to be consuming the full throughput of its link + at all times, a connected terminal consumes much less beam time than + the amount of time it remains connected, especially when usage is + light. What all of this means is that there is no data cap - we don't + care about how many bytes you send through the satellite, only how + long the satellite must spend handling your traffic. +
+ ++ This means that users with larger, higher-speed terminals (see the + above point) able to transfer the same amount of data in a shorter + period of time will pay less for the same amount of data transferred, + as they will consume less beam time in doing so. Because beam time is + the network's most important resource, and is the limiting factor in + terms of network performance, we believe that charging for service in + terms of the actual resource - beam time - being consumed is the most + fair model for service pricing. +
++ FemtoStar is a midband Mobile Satellite Service network, designed for + speeds in line with other midband Mobile Satellite Service offerings. + Here, the term "midband" refers to the level of bandwidth between + narrowband services, designed to provide a low-speed connection to + small, usually IoT/embedded terminals, and broadband services, + designed to provide a high-speed connection to large, expensive, fixed + terminals. +
+ ++ While this middle category of service may be unfamiliar to those more + used to terrestrial services, it's common in the in Mobile Satellite + Service landscape, and is what's offered by services such as Inmarsat + BGAN, Iridium Certus, or Thuraya IP. In these services, as in + FemtoStar, designing for this middle category means that users can + expect performance much better than a narrowband system, while still + having a portable terminal much smaller than those needed for + broadband systems. Like the aforementioned MSS options, a typical + FemtoStar terminal should provide in the mid-hundreds of kbps, using a + terminal roughly the size of a tablet or small laptop. +
+ ++ Of course, FemtoStar's design still allows for flexibility on the size + and speed of terminals - users should be able to choose their own + balance between speed, cost, and portability. As such, depending on + the size of the terminal, FemtoStar should be able to accomodate + larger terminals in the megabits-per-second range, or smaller + terminals with reduced (if still better than typical narrowband + offerings) speeds in a pocket-sized form factor. +
++ No, at least not by any usual definition of the term. While they are a + digital system used to pay for service, and while they do make use of + cryptographic signatures for security, FemtoStar Credit Tokens are not + transacted on a blockchain, cannot be mined, and are not intended for + use as anything other than payment for FemtoStar service. While + third-party users are free to buy and sell Credit Tokens at any price + they are able to, their value in FemtoStar service is fixed. +
++ Once our network is operational, you will be able to purchase + FemtoStar tokens from FemtoStar via a retail token sales portal, from + a third-party reseller, in bulk from FemtoStar via a wholesale + agreement, or from anyone else willing to sell them to you. While the + FemtoStar Project is capable of pre-issuing tokens that will be usable + once the network is operational, we do not currently offer pre-issued + retail tokens to the general public, due to the inherent risk to + consumers of purchasing a service before it is available. If you are + interested in working with us to purchase wholesale tokens, for resale + as a token reseller or for a large deployment of FemtoStar hardware as + an enterprise user, please contact us. +
++ Starlink is a low-earth-orbit communications + constellation developed by SpaceX. While we have a tremendous amount of + respect for the engineering accomplishments of the Starlink network, its + goals and those of FemtoStar are almost entirely separate. While both intend + to provide satellite communications service using low-earth orbit constellations, + Starlink is designed to provide consumer broadband services to large, fixed + terminals (in the satellite industry, this is known as Fixed Satellite + Service). FemtoStar, on the other hand, is designed for midband services + to small and medium, portable or in-motion terminals (also known as Mobile + Satellite Service). +
+ ++ While the Starlink network is large, its architecture is traditional - + it is designed to connect users to official ground stations providing + official services. While there has been talk of limited use of + Starlink for point-to-point connectivity, such as for high-speed + securities trading, SpaceX holds complete control over use of this + feature, and it is not a part of their consumer-facing services, nor + is it known to be possible with their consumer hardware. FemtoStar's + open-infrastructure architecture ensures an inherently net-neutral + network, wherein all hardware is usable as a ground station, and even + our own services are simply one of many a satellite is able to connect + users to. +
+ ++ Starlink terminals are uniquely identified on the network, and can be + easily geolocated by the network (whether they report their GPS + location is currently unknown, but the network is certainly able to + geolocate them accurately, as they are disallowed from accessing the + network outside of the small region, or "cell", where their user's + address is registered). Starlink users are required to provide a + substantial amount of personal information in order to purchase + service. Payments are handled on ground infrastructure, based on user + accounts. FemtoStar does not require any user account whatsoever, is + not restricted to use in a small cell, and handles payments on the + satellite itself using FemtoStar Credit Tokens. +
++ Blockstream is a cryptocurrency + company which offers a service named + Blockstream Satellite. + Othernet is a company which broadcasts + data, primarily news and other text content, via satellite. +
+ ++ Blockstream Satellite broadcasts the Bitcoin blockchain, one-way, over + six geostationary broadcasting satellites, and offers an API to + transmit your own short pieces of data over the network, with payment + in Bitcoin. While Blockstream does allow for remote access to the + Bitcoin blockchain, it is a one-way system - it cannot be used for + two-way communications, or to make online cryptocurrency transactions, + unless you already have an internet connection and can connect to its + API. +
+ ++ Othernet provides one-way, broadcast data service via two + geostationary satellites. This data typically consists of news, + Wikipedia articles, and other low-data-rate content which can be + delivered one-way. +
+ ++ Both of these companies purchase time on existing geostationary + broadcasting satellites, of the type typically used for consumer + satellite television. These services do not support, nor is the + hardware provided for them capable of, any form of uplink from the + user terminal. While both services are useful as tools for broadcast + data distribution, they are one-way, Broadcasting Satellite Service + systems, distinct from two-way communications systems in the Fixed + Satellite Service (such as Starlink) and Mobile Satellite Service + (such as FemtoStar). +
++ We're big fans of a number of the terrestrial privacy-respecting + communications projects currently in development - in fact, FemtoStar began as a terrestrial network, named Private Mobile Data Protocol (PMDP). +
+ ++ The fundamental issue of terrestrial networks is the amount of + hardware necessary to provide adequate coverage. It has taken decades + of development, thousands of licenses to thousands of companies in + hundreds of countries, hundreds of billions of dollars at least, and more than 7 million cell towers to build mainstream cellular networks out to their current coverage, + and even with this it's likely you still sometimes have problems getting + cellular service. We began with the assumption that a terrestrial network + would be the only practical solution, and extensively tested PMDP hardware + in real-world urban and suburban environments. Eventually, even we - the + developers of the technology - were forced to admit that it was impractical + without an impractically dense network, even for a small, urban implementation + - letalone regional or global coverage. +
+ ++ As a thought experiment in community-run terrestrial networks, next + time you leave home, ask yourself if you are ever more than 1 + kilometer (3200 feet) away from somewhere a mesh node or base station + in a community-run terrestrial network could be installed without + being removed, stolen, or tampered with, and if anyone nearby would be + willing to pay for, install, and maintain such a device. We tried + this, with real hardware, in a real city, in 2019, and came to the + conclusion that that, in contrast to being an easier solution, it was + likely outright impossible in most circumstances. +
+ ++ Where such networks can exist, they genuinely do have some advantages + over satellite-based networks - however, in most places, it is simply + not realistic to build them. We found this out the hard way. It's also + worth noting that FemtoStar can coexist with these networks + symbiotically - where these networks can be built, given that this is + likely to occur in clusters of nodes or base stations (such as in a + city center) separated by a substantial distance, we believe FemtoStar + could be extremely useful to link these sections together into larger, + more resillient networks. +
++ See the above point. While mesh networks are able to partially solve + the problem of base station range by allowing every user device to + extend coverage, this still does not allow for coverage where there + are no nodes. The same thought experiment applies - are you always + within a kilometer of someone else who might have a node in the mesh? + If you have your own node in the mesh, is there ever another node + nearby for it to mesh with? If not, a mesh network may not be + practical in your situation. Even where mesh networks are practical, + FemtoStar could still be used to interconnect regions where the mesh + is available, even when they are separated by large regions with no + nodes. +
++ Not to nearly the same degree. While the distance to the satellite + does add some amount of latency due to the time taken for the signal + to reach the satellite, the round-trip propagation time to a low-earth + orbit satellite is a handful of milliseconds, not the hundreds of + milliseconds familiar to users of geostationary satellite networks. + Ping time on FemtoStar should be less than a tenth of that which a + geostationary satellite user would experience, if even that. +
++ In contrast to the vast majority of small satellites, FemtoStar plans + to include electric propulsion onboard our satellites, allowing them + to be repositioned as needed and cleanly deorbited at end-of-life. The + FemtoStar Project is working closely with Applied Ion Systems, a + leading developer of open-hardware smallsat propulsion hardware, to + develop a specialized implementation of their technology for use + onboard the FemtoStar space vehicle. Even in the event of a thruster + failure, the solar panel can be positioned to drastically increase + atmospheric drag on the satellite, rapidly increasing orbital decay + and deorbiting the satellite. +
++ The network can theoretically work with as little as a single + satellite, however of course this configuration does not allow for + continuous coverage. Practical constellation layouts begin at around + 48 satellites (and include the layout shown on our homepage. We have also considered the possibility of starting with a larger + constellation of up to 96 satellites, however we believe the most + reasonable approach would be to begin with the minimum practical + number of satellites (likely 48) and then scale up the constellation + with new satellites as needed. +
++ The FemtoStar network provides multiple levels of protection against + failure of spacecraft, and against failure of the network due to + failure of a spacecraft, resulting in a resilient network able to + mitigate and work around hardware failures onboard satellites. Each + satellite incorporates a degree of redundancy previously seen only on + far larger satellites, and is designed with longevity in mind. The + network as a whole also protects against network-wide failure as a + result of the failure of a single satellite - most regions, especially + those with a latitude near the inclination of the satellites such as + North America Europe, and Oceania, and much of Asia and South America + - are covered redundantly, and even elsewhere, the "gap" caused when + the only satellite visible to a user has failed is short - lasting + only minutes or less before working satellites come into view. +
+ ++ For most users, a satellite failure would likely be noticeable only as + a decrease in the network's coverage angle, while for those in the + aforementioned near-inclination regions, it might not be noticeable at + all. Finally, FemtoStar would be able to rapidly and inexpensively + replenish its network with new satellites, either newly-launched or + simply moved into place if already available in a storage orbit. +
++ FemtoStar is not purely a "privacy" system - we believe it to be + competitive with other mobile satellite options, and in all likelihood + there will be plenty of FemtoStar users who aren't even aware of, much + less interested in, its privacy features. We also believe there will + be a number of FemtoStar terminals installed as a part of + machine-to-machine data installations, as backup connections for + enterprise networks, or as backhaul to community-run terrestrial + networks. A user using it for privacy reasons is indistinguishable + from any of these users. +
+ ++ Additionally, by this rationale, any privacy-respecting product, + service, or system is bad for your privacy, as its use demonstrates + that you are looking for privacy. Even if your threat model truly does + require that you obscure even the fact that someone is using a system + that could be used for privacy-respecting communications, FemtoStar + still does substantially better than just about any other + privacy-respecting communications network. For one thing, it uses a + substantially more directional antenna than any terrestrial mobile, + which means its transmitted signal is very weak in any direction but + that of the satellite. +
+ ++ Its connection to the satellite is also is encrypted, and even to the + satellite, it does not contain a location, terminal identifier, user + account, or any other identifying details. The terminal never + transmits when it has no session open with the satellite, and, unlike + mesh network nodes, it cannot be made to transmit by the traffic of + another user unless the terminal's owner has chosen to operate their + own service over the network. +
++ In theory, to some extent, but in practice, not meaningfully. In + contrast to traditional communications satellites, a FemtoStar + satellite, at least for transmit, does not have a consistent beam + pattern. Instead, electronic beamforming is used to point each of only + a handful of beams, rapidly switching beam patterns as the satellite + jumps between active sessions. The footprints within which these beams + are usable are hundreds of kilometers across, even at their narrowest, + and more than 2000 kilometers long. In addition, knowing where "you" + are, as opposed to just knowing the rough area in which one of the + network's users is located, requires knowing who you are. As such, the + satellite could determine that an anonymous session is within, for + example, northern Europe, western North America, or eastern Asia, but + not that it is in a particular country or city, and certainly not who + that session belongs to. +
++ We do not feel that we can promise that there is any two-way wireless + communications system where it is truly impossible for an adversary to + locate a transmitter given enough time to search for it on the ground. + In particular, it is extremely difficult to prevent just about any + transmitter from being detectable by a high-gain antenna at short + range, no matter how directional or low-power the transmitter may be. + However, we also believe that such a search would need to begin + relatively close to any terminal it wanted to have a chance of + finding, and that it would likely be complicated by the presence of + more than one FemtoStar terminal in an area. +
+ ++ Additionally, there's the question of why finding terminals would be + worthwhile to an attacker to begin with. Given that such an attack + would almost certainly involve the rather labor-intensive task of + traveling around an area of interest with a vehicle full of equipment + looking for terminals that you cannot identify and cannot monitor the + activity of, while also being unable to tell the difference between + two intermittently-used terminals and one terminal which has moved, we + do feel we can say that this attack is unlikely to fit into many + threat models. +
+ ++ A FemtoStar terminal can even be used as a receive-only device if this + is acceptable for the user's use case - in this configuration, it + would likely be nearly impossible to geolocate, even with this sort of + attack. +
+ ++ In short, we don't believe any transmitting device is truly + geolocation-proof, but we do believe that geolocation of users can be + made impractical for to perform at a large scale, and that its value + to an attacker can be substantially diminished. On top of this, we do + feel we can safely say that FemtoStar is substantially more + geolocation-resistant than any currently-available two-way wireless + communications system, and that it is likely that its + geolocation-resistance could only be matched or exceeded by another + satellite-based system including most or all of the same + geolocation-resistance features. +
++ The FemtoStar architecture does not require that you trust the + FemtoStar Project, even to begin with. Because the user is not + required to trust the FemtoStar network, in order for the FemtoStar + Project, or or an entity who had taken it over, to meaningfully + compromise the security of FemtoStar users, many core design elements + of the network would need to be changed, necessitating, at minimum, a + firmware update to user terminals to accomodate substantial protocol + changes. A new update published without + source code would be immediately suspicious, + as would a new update where the newly-released source code disabled privacy + features. +
++ See the above point. Even if a malicious government were to take over + the FemtoStar Project and attempt to surveil its users, they would be + incapable of doing so without making changes that would be immediately + obvious to users, and to our own developers in other countries. + Additionally FemtoStar Inc. in Canada is only one part of the + overarching FemtoStar Project - we have developers all over the world. +
++ While we would never claim that it is impossible that a FemtoStar + satellite could be compromised, either remotely or through physical + attack, we believe the likelihood of this to be low for a number of + reasons. +
+ ++ The most important point here is that FemtoStar satellites are not + especially useful targets to an attacker. Due to not being a trusted + part of the network, even if they themselves are fully compromised, + they cannot be used to compromise FemtoStar users, nor would they be + much use as part of a botnet, nor would they provide an attacker with + any additional utility in their intended purpose (communications) than + is available officially. +
+ ++ With regards to compromising the satellites from the ground, the + satellite's onboard software is subject to intense scrutiny, including + through formal proofs, makes extensive use of sandboxing, and, given + the relative simplicity of the FemtoStar protocol, presents a small + attack surface. +
+ ++ In terms of physical security, while FemtoStar's placement of its + infrastructure in orbit certainly grants it a degree of + inaccessibility compared to terrestrial infrastructure, there are of + course spacecraft which could conceivably reach a FemtoStar satellite, + and could hypothetically either tamper with or replace it. However, + tampering would require physical capture and substantial disassembly + of the satellite, which is detectable and would result in the deletion + of onboard keys, resulting in a tampered-with satellite being easily + detectable from the ground (even if new software attempted to obscure + this tampering), while a replacement satellite would lack the + cryptographic keys of the satellite it replaced entirely. +
+ ++ An attacker could opt to attempt to disable, capture, or destroy a + satellite altogether - after all, if you want to assume that truly no + adversary is off the table, you could choose to consider even the use + of anti-satellite weapons. However, an attacker trying to make the + network truly unusable would need to destroy or disable not just one + satellite, but the entire constellation, and any replacement + satellites, and to do so in a way which obscured their involvement, a + daunting task even for the largest possible adversaries. This type of + attack is also immediately obvious (especially if the satellite is + physically destroyed, resulting in the generation of orbital debris), + and even this still does not result in an actual compromise + (geolocation, identification, etc.) of FemtoStar users. +
++ From the user terminal, to the spacecraft, to the ground station, + FemtoStar is powered by free and open-source hardware and software, and + we don't just mean the high-level stuff. Notably, in a world first for + wide-area communications networks, even the FemtoStar air interface and + the low-level radio firmware implementing it will be free and + open-source software. +
++ This isn't just a technical decision. FOSS is common in the software + world, but in the telecommunications and aerospace industries, this + approach is highly unusual. However, for FemtoStar to succeed, we + believe it to be critical. +
++ Releasing our designs as free and open-source allows for FemtoStar to be + effective as a piece of open infrastructure - you can build on top of + it, or integrate it into your own products and services. It's what gives + FemtoStar the flexibility to work just as well as an internal backup + network for a business as it does as a portable mobile internet + terminal. +
++ It also allows our users to verify our claims about privacy and + security. We do not believe that simply promising the user that their + privacy will be preserved is adequate. Free and open-source software + allows users to inspect and verify that features such as end-to-end + encryption and low-level geolocation mitigations are operating as + intended, allowing users to be sure that FemtoStar meets its privacy + claims without the need to simply trust its developers. +
++ FemtoStar is developed and maintained by a global community of + developers collaborating online. If you're interested in helping out, + don't hesitate to contact us →. +
++ Like any satellite communications system, FemtoStar uses a network of + satellites to allow communications between terminals on earth. + Traditional communications satellites - both those that act as simple + repeaters, and those with onboard routing - fundamentally work by + shuffling data to and from user terminals via a separate, + non-user-accessible feeder link connecting them to a large, official + ground station. +
++ FemtoStar breaks this distinction. All user hardware can be used both to + connect to and to operate services, directly via the satellites. There + are no special "feeder" links, and no prior arrangement with FemtoStar + is required to operate a service. Credit processing takes place + on-satellite, and works even when no official ground station is + available. +
++ FemtoStar is also developing FemtoStar Real-Time Core Services (RTCS), + an open standard for basic communications services such as internet + access over the FemtoStar network. RTCS is intended to provide a global + baseline in FemtoStar-based service, and will be supported by all of our + own ground stations. We encourage RTCS adoption at third-party ground + stations +
+ ++ It's not just services either - the FemtoStar terminal will be released + as an open standard, with an open-hardware reference design, and + FemtoStar will work with third-party terminal manufacturers to license + third-party terminals for use on the FemtoStar network. +
++ Today, many products and services advertise user privacy as a selling + point. Very few can be proven to live up to their claims. At FemtoStar, + privacy isn't just a marketing promise the user is required to trust we + will keep. It's baked into the network at every level - from + physical-layer mitigations of low-level attacks, to end-to-end + encryption on all connections, to anonymous payment via our credit token + system. Don't believe us? FemtoStar's hardware and software are + completely free and open-source, and therefore completely open to + third-party inspection and testing. +
+ +